NatureHacker's 4th law of motion: Constraint

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4th Law: Constraint

 

** Update 8/17/2020: Inertia can potentially also be a form of constraint. Update 9/13/20: All mediums are internally in a quantum state with no Inertia.  Inertia is a form of constraint and when it is present to some extent Newton's and NatureHacker's laws can be applied, when Inertia is not present, as in a continuous medium like air, water, aether, etc., these laws cannot apply.  Converting a Quantum medium to a Newtonian Media is the subject of Quantaclast understanding.**

The 4th and 5th law can be collectively referred to as "advanced newtonian physics"

The topic of the 4th law is Force Transfer.  This understanding was first created and/or popularized by Boethius on this topic:

http://cluesforum.info/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=1632

But he refrained to comment on exactly what is required to create a force.  This requirement is the topic of this 4th law.

The 4th law of motion was briefly mentioned in Newton's second law and the 4th law quantifies how MUCH force is impressed or applied from one body to another.

Here is the excerpt from which "impressed" is expanded into defining how much exactly is impressed.  

"The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed."

The expanded physical definition of impressed is the 4th law.

Just like how Newton's Second Law did not include the equation F=ma but it was attributed to his second law because he said the alteration of motion (acceleration) is proportional (proportionality constant is mass) to the motive force (force); so it was therefore attributed to his law.  In the same way various equations or systems of equations will be developed for the 4th law and will be attributed to this law but the creator(s) of the equation(s) shall have the credit of developing their equation(s).  What I believe is that Galileo defined mass for the first time and Newton defined acceleration for the first time.  Here we define interaction or directionality or "slip" or "grip" for the first time.

Update 12:35pm PST 3/26/16 the generalized Force Transfer equation has been completed!  This only works on systems of higher degrees of freedom than solids if they are fully constrained as the 4th law states.  Extra equations or iterations of this equation will need to be implemented for liquids and gasses etc. that are only partially constrained.

This property can be thought of as the "directionality" or the "efficiency in which a fluid or body transmits forces."

F_o is the Force that the left body was undergoing prior to contact with the right body.

Basically what the force transfer equation means is that besides perpendicular force, you get the component of the parallel force that is proportional to the force transfer coefficient.  The force transfer coefficient (also known as the NatureHacker coefficient, interaction coefficient, or simply "Interaction", or simply "directionality") must be between 0 and 1 and in most cases will probably need to be experimentally determined if it can't be derived from first principles given the physics of the systems involved in the force transfer.  "Interaction" includes frictional coefficient in some systems but extends beyond that as defined in the 4th law.  For solids sliding on planes the frictional coefficient mu will be involved as well as the normal force.  But it will have to be scaled from 0 to 1.

NatureHacker's 4th law of motion: Interaction

For a system or body to sustain a force as per the third law it must be limited in every direction of its degrees of freedom and remain a finite volume.  The force able to be sustained by the system is directly proportional to how well its degrees of freedom are limited.  For a body to sustain a force it can have no unlimited degree of freedom at any point.  Solids need one dimension constrained, an orthogonal plane; this limits the solid to zero degrees of freedom as a force is applied in this way orthogonally.  Liquids need 2 dimensions constrained, a cup; and gasses need 3 dimensions constrained; an enclosure.  These dimensions must stay constrained to some degree the entire time a force is acting upon it.  How much they stay constrained determines how much effective inertia or mass exists to be acted upon and therefore how much force can be applied.  Other states of matter or special phenomenon such as plasma, light, and others may require different and/or non-material enclosures.  When these are characterized their description should be added to this law since it is still the topic of how much force can be transferred to them.  The force transferred from one system to another system has one component through a right line between their contact.  There exists another component through a parallel line between their contact proportional to the systems interaction to each other and is only that magnitude of the force that is actually transmitted from one system to another system via a fully defined contact in the direction of the right line between them.  This contact is defined by constraints put on the systems' degrees of freedom with respect to the right line between the directions of motion.

These required and fully defined contacts between the systems or bodies may be facilitated or hindered by the specific material properties of the bodies or systems in question, their interaction with the contact, and their interaction with an external medium.  Some examples may include friction, surface tension, ductility, atmospheric pressure, etc.  Equations should be made for every one of these material/contact/medium aspects and more and are part of this 4th law.

Future laws will come about that characterize other aspects of motion that are different from the topic of this law which is the magnitude of the force that can be transferred.

NatureHacker's 5th law

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Galileo's 1st law of motion: Inertia

"Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.

Projectiles persevere in their motions, so far as they are not retarded by the resistance of the air, or impelled downwards by the force of gravity. A top, whose parts by their cohesion are perpetually drawn aside from rectilinear motion, does not cease its rotation, otherwise than as it is retarded by the air. The greater bodies of the planets and comets, meeting with less resistance in more free spaces, preserve their motions both progressive and circular for a much longer time."

Newton's 2nd law of motion: Force

"The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed.

If a force generates a motion, a double force will generate double the motion, a triple force triple the motion, whether that force be impressed altogether and at once, or gradually and successively. And this motion (being always directed the same way with the generating force), if the body moved before, is added to or subducted from the former motion, according as they directly conspire with or are directly contrary to each other; or obliquely joined, when they are oblique, so as to produce a new motion compounded from the determination of both."

Newton's third law of motion: Force Pair

"To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.

Whatever draws or presses another is as much drawn or pressed by that other. If you press a stone with your finger, the finger is also pressed by the stone. If a horse draws a stone tied to a rope, the horse (if I may so say) will be equally drawn back towards the stone: for the distended rope, by the same endeavour to relax or unbend itself, will draw the horse as much towards the stone, as it does the stone towards the horse, and will obstruct the progress of the one as much as it advances that of the other. If a body impinge upon another, and by its force change the motion of the other, that body also (because of the equality of the mutual pressure) will undergo an equal change, in its own motion, toward the contrary part. The changes made by these actions are equal, not in the velocities but in the motions of the bodies; that is to say, if the bodies are not hindered by any other impediments. For, because the motions are equally changed, the changes of the velocities made toward contrary parts are reciprocally proportional to the bodies. This law takes place also in attractions, as will be proved in the next scholium."

I would like to thank my uncle for encouraging me to become myself.